Thessaloniki Architecture

Thessaloniki is the second largest city in Greece after Athens. It was founded in 316 BC on the site of an ancient settlement. During the Roman occupation, it was the largest port of the area and it played a major role in the Byzantine years. Apart from its commercial significance, the town was also an important military base. The area’s unique history has largely informed its architectural character. Today, the architecture of Thessaloniki is characterized by an amalgam of old, neoclassical, and modern elements that attract thousands of visitors every year.

Several architectural marvels were built during the times of Byzantine and Ottoman rule, including many imposing churches. A lot of the town's fortifications were torn down in 1870 with the construction of the quay, which led to the economic development of the city. As a result, many buildings were erected replacing the traditional houses along with luxurious hotels, theaters, and factories.

In 1917 AD, a devastating fire destroyed much of the historic center, and the town had to be reconstructed from its ashes. Following this tragic event, Thessaloniki reclaimed its architectural beauty, erecting outstanding new buildings and a great road network. Despite the new constructions, the old town of Thessaloniki remained untouched by time and to this day showcases a collection of Byzantine churches, monuments from the Ottoman Empire, and well-preserved historical buildings.

The present-day Thessaloniki displays a mixture of brilliant monuments and modern buildings. The White Tower in Nikis Street, dated to the period of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, is one of the most striking structures and the symbol of Thessaloniki. Also of note is the Arch of Galerius, a triumphal arch that the Romans constructed to celebrate the final victory over the Persians, and the Rotonda Monument, constructed by Roman general Galerius in 300 AD. The Roman Market and the Roman Theatre are worth the visit as well. The surviving church of Agia Sofia made out of stone and marble with tall bell towers, has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The upper town (Ano Poli), the oldest and most picturesque settlement, is surrounded by huge walls and is distinguished by its paved paths and old houses.

Visitors can enjoy their stay in one of many hotels that have respected the traditional architecture.